In order to promote sustainable mobility, there are three main strategies: efficiency, substitution and reduction. These strategies can be traced back to the Brundtland Commission report "Our Common Future " from 1987, the work that has been going on in the UN system since and the international literature in this area.
The thinking behind the effeciency strategy is that we need to develop technological solutions (conventional and alternative), which makes transportation more efficient with regard to fuel consumption and emissions.
The substitution strategy is directed towards how we travel, or what we call the transport pattern. The key point is that is not how much we travel, but how these journeys are being undertaken, that matters.
The reduction strategy denies that the improvement in technology and composition of our journeys are sufficient. In addition to travel more efficient and develop a new pattern of transport, we must simply travel less. This also applies to transport of goods, which also must be reduced.
